The temperature in the photosphere varies between about 6500 K at the bottom and 4000 kelvin at the top (11,0☏, 62☌). It reaches from the surface visible at the centre of the solar disk to about 250 miles (400 km) above that. Photosphere - The deepest layer of the Sun that we can observe directly. The outer layers of the Sun are the Photosphere, the Chromosphere, the Transition Region and the Corona. NASA, ESA, JAXA and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) are working together to build a space station in orbit around the moon, and Russia and China are working on a similar project, that would also include a base on the surface. Russia, a major partner in the station, plans to launch its own orbital platform around then, with Axiom Space, a private firm, planning to send its own modules for purely commercial use to the station at the same time. There is an ongoing debate about the future of the station beyond 2025, when it is thought some of the original structure will reach 'end of life'. So far 244 individuals from 19 countries have visited the station, and among them eight private citizens who spent up to $50 million for their visit.
The US space agency, NASA, spends about $3 billion (£2.4 billion) a year on the space station program, with the remaining funding coming from international partners, including Europe, Russia and Japan. ISS studies have investigated human research, space medicine, life sciences, physical sciences, astronomy and meteorology.
Research conducted aboard the ISS often requires one or more of the unusual conditions present in low Earth orbit, such as low-gravity or oxygen. The International Space Station has been continuously occupied for more than 20 years and has been expended with multiple new modules added and upgrades to systems
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